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    Fluorspar
    WatchIndustrial minerals & gasesImportant

    Fluorspar

    The source of fluorine for hydrofluoric acid, refrigerants, battery electrolytes and fluoropolymers. China mines ~60%.

    Supply risk index
    50
    / 100
    Top producer
    China
    60%
    China share
    60%
    US import reliance
    100%
    World output 2025
    10M t
    -3% y/y
    On national lists
    7 / 10
    1 strategic
    Why it matters for AI infrastructure
    Important — Power, storage, cooling or key components

    Ultra-pure fluorine chemicals etch and clean wafers in every fab; fluorinated fluids and refrigerants cool data centers; LiPF6 battery electrolyte.

    Watch
    Adequate today but concentrated or exposed

    China ~60% of mine output; US is 100% import reliant.

    Where it's produced

    Share of 2025 world mine production (thousand metric tons). Source: USGS MCS 2026.

    Share of world output
    China
    60%
    Mexico
    15%
    Mongolia
    15%
    South Africa
    4.1%
    Vietnam
    1.6%
    Spain
    1.4%
    Brazil
    1.0%
    Iran
    0.7%

    Where the reserves are

    Share of known economic reserves (thousand metric tons). World total: 330M t. ≈ 33 years at 2025 output.

    China
    33%
    Mexico
    21%
    South Africa
    12%
    Mongolia
    10%
    Vietnam
    4.8%
    Spain
    4.5%
    Iran
    2.3%
    Thailand
    1.1%

    Who calls it critical

    Membership on each government list. “Strategic” marks a higher tier where the list has one; “group” means included as part of a group such as rare earths or PGMs.

    Fluorspar: key questions

    Where is fluorspar mined or produced?
    According to USGS 2025 data, the largest producers are China (60%), Mexico (15%) and Mongolia (15%) of world mine production.
    Is fluorspar a critical mineral?
    Fluorspar appears on 7 of the 10 official lists we track (United States, United States (DOE), European Union, China, Japan, Australia, Canada).
    Is fluorspar in short supply?
    Our supply status: Watch. China ~60% of mine output; US is 100% import reliant.
    Why does fluorspar matter for AI infrastructure?
    Ultra-pure fluorine chemicals etch and clean wafers in every fab; fluorinated fluids and refrigerants cool data centers; LiPF6 battery electrolyte.